COVID
Statins reduce COVID-19 severity, likely by removing cholesterol that virus uses toinfect: Analyzing
anonymized patient medical records, UC San Diego researchers discovered that
cholesterol-lowering statins reduced risk of severe COVID-19 infection, while
lab experiments uncovered a cellular mechanism that helps explain why. American Journal of Cardiology
Those Who
Social Distance Have Fraction of COVID-19 Risk Compared to Those Who Don’t: People who said they frequently used
public transportation were more than four times as likely to have tested
positive for SARS-CoV-2. Those who said
they practiced strict outdoor social distancing were just a tenth as likely to
have tested positive. The key to limiting exposure is to limit the amount of
time in places where there is a high concentration of viral particles in the
air. Clinical Infectious Diseases
Remdesivir Effective, Well-Tolerated in Final Trial Report: A final report from the multinational
placebo-controlled ACTT-1 trial confirms that remdesivir is effective and well
tolerated for shortening the time to recovery from COVID-19 infection.
Remdesivir
Does Not Reduce COVID-19 Mortality, Study Says: A large study sponsored by the World Health Organization
found that remdesivir doesn't help hospitalized patients with COVID-19 survive
and doesn't even shorten the recovery time of those who do survive. These findings contradict
smaller studies which found remdesivir, an antiviral drug, helped hospitalized
coronavirus patients recover faster than patients who received a placebo. Those
earlier studies led the FDA to grant emergency use authorization for the drug,
which has been given to thousands of COVID patients in the United States,
including President Donald Trump. The
WHO-sponsored study was conducted from March 22 to Oct. 4 and involved
11,330 patients from 405 hospitals in 30 countries. Patients were given
remdesivir and three other drugs singly or in combination. "These
remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir and interferon regimens appeared to
have little or no effect on hospitalized COVID-19, as indicated by overall
mortality, initiation of ventilation and duration of hospital stay," the
study concluded.
Obstructive
Sleep Apnea (OSA) Linked With Worse COVID-19: Using Finnish national databases, researchers found that
while the rates of infection with the new coronavirus were the same for people
with and without OSA, among people who did become infected, those with OSA had
a five-fold higher risk of hospitalization.
Report Finds
KN95 Masks Not as Effective as N95 Masks: Researchers at ECRI found that up to 70 percent KN95 masks
imported from China don’t meet U.S. standards for effectiveness as with N95
masks. The group issued a hazard warning in September
Total deaths
recorded during the pandemic far exceed those attributed to COVID-19: For every two deaths attributed to
COVID-19 in the U.S., a third American dies as a result of the pandemic,
according to new data publishing Oct. 12 in the Journal of the American Medical
Association. The study, led by researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University,
shows that deaths between March 1 and Aug. 1 increased 20% compared to previous
years -- maybe not surprising in a pandemic. But deaths attributed to COVID-19
only accounted for 67% of those deaths. "Contrary to skeptics who claim
that COVID-19 deaths are fake or that the numbers are much smaller than we hear
on the news, our research and many other studies on the same subject show quite
the opposite."
Johnson &
Johnson pauses COVID-19 vaccine trial due to unexplained illness — the second
US trial now on hold:
Johnson & Johnson's COVID-19 vaccine trial has been paused due to an
unexplained illness in a volunteer. Now two of the four vaccine trials in the
United States are now on hold. The Phase 3 clinical trial was temporarily
halted Monday, according to the company. It is not known if the
unidentified illness is related to the vaccine, but clinical protocols require
a pause while it is investigated.
COVID-19
Antibodies Last at Least 3 Months:
People infected with COVID-19 develop antibodies targeting the new coronavirus
that last for at least three months, according to two reports in Science
Immunology.
How Long
Does It Take for COVID-19 to Stop Being Contagious? There isn’t a test to determine how contagious a person
might be, so doctors have to judge a person’s level based on their
symptoms. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test,
which is used to diagnose COVID-19 by swabbing the throat or nose, can help
determine if a person is still carrying the virus but it doesn’t always tell us
if they’re still contagious.
Older People No More Susceptible to COVID-19, But Fare Worse: Countering reports that older people
are more likely to contract COVID-19, researchers found that advanced age does
not increase susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, when older
people in Spain, Italy, and Japan did get COVID-19, they were at higher risk
for severe outcomes and death compared with younger patients, new evidence
reveals. Scientific Reports
Blood Group
O Linked to Decreased Risk for SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Blood group O was associated with a
decreased risk for contracting SARS-CoV-2 infection, according to the results
of large retrospective analysis of the Danish population. Blood Adv. 2020 Oct
14.
Widespread
COVID-19 Vaccine Could Be Ready by April, Fauci Says: A "safe and
effective" coronavirus vaccine may be widely available by April.
"That would be predicated on the fact that all of the vaccines that are in
clinical trials have been proven to be safe and effective," said Anthony Fauci, MD, the director of the
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, told
CBS Evening News.
COVID-19
Antibody Response Not Reduced With Diabetes: Neither diabetes per se nor hyperglycemia appear to impair
the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2, suggesting that a COVID-19 vaccine would
be just as effective in people with diabetes as in those without, new research
finds. published
online October 8 in Diabetologia
Certain
pre-existing conditions may double, triple mortality risk for COVID-19: A large, international study of
COVID-19 patients confirmed that cardiovascular disease, hypertension,
diabetes, congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease, stroke and cancer
can increase a patient's risk of dying from the virus. Plos One
Face masks:
what the data say: The
science supports that face coverings are saving lives during the coronavirus
pandemic, and yet the debate trundles on. How much evidence is enough? Nature
PAIN
Gabapentin Does Not Lower Pain Scores in Chronic Pelvic Pain: For women with chronic pelvic pain,
gabapentin treatment does not result in significantly lower pain scores and is
associated with more side effects than placebo. Sept. 26 in The Lancet.
Survey: Rheumatic
Diseases Pose Routine Challenges:
Many patients with rheumatic diseases face significant challenges in their
daily lives, including affordability issues, lifestyle and activity
limitations, and negative effects on mental and emotional health, according to
the results of a survey released by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR).
Botox for TMJ Disorder Does Not Affect Jaw Bone Density: Low-dose botulinum toxin injections for
jaw, facial pain not linked to short-term bone changes. Journal of Oral
Rehabilitation
Research
Suggests That Rheumatoid Arthritis May Be 2 Different Diseases: Researchers say rheumatoid arthritis
may actually be two diseases instead of just one. They recommend that the
disease be divided into two types: people with autoantibodies and people
without them. They say people with autoantibodies appear to have better
long-term outcomes in the reduction of rheumatoid arthritis symptoms. PLOS
Medicine research
Most effective drugs for common type of neuropathic pain: Clinical study tested four different
types of medications for efficacy, tolerability and adverse effects use to
treat cryptogenic sensory polyneuropathy (CSPN). Nortriptyline had the highest
efficacious percentage (25%), and the second-lowest quit rate (38%), giving it
the highest level of overall utility. Duloxetine had the second-highest
efficacious rate (23%), and lowest drop-out rate (37%). Pregbalin had the
lowest efficacy rate (15%) and Mexiletene had the highest quit rate (58%).
"There was no clearly superior performing drug in the study,"
"However, of the four medications, nortriptyline and duloxetine performed
better when efficacy and dropouts were both considered. Therefore, we recommend
that either nortriptyline or duloxetine be considered before the other
medications we tested." JAMA Neurology
Spinal cord
stimulation reduces pain and motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease patients: A team of researchers reports that
spinal cord stimulation (SCS) measurably decreased pain and reduced motor
symptoms of Parkinson's disease, both as a singular therapy and as a 'salvage
therapy' after deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapies were ineffective. Bioelectronic Medicine
Study Explores Relationship Between Pain and Cognitive Impairment: A recent study exploring the
association between pain and cognitive impairment (CI) found that pain and CI
each increase the severity of the other; that is, when pain progresses from
acute pain to high impact chronic pain (HICP), the severity of CI increases,
and as the severity of CI increases, the severity of pain increases. Further,
the study found that people with comorbid chronic pain and CI are in a much
higher state of self-reported disability than people with either alone. The
Clinical Journal of Pain
Comparing
the Neural Effects of Placebo Pain Relief in Fibromyalgia Patients and Healthy
Individuals: Although
fibromyalgia is associated with changes in brain function and neural pathways,
researchers saw no differences in responses to placebo pain relief between
fibromyalgia patients and healthy volunteers in a new study. Pain
Study
Provides New Insights Into Changes in Brain Function in Fibromyalgia: Pain at the time of testing, rather
than the presence of a chronic pain condition, is primarily responsible for
changes in the functioning of the brain’s default mode network in patients with
fibromyalgia NeuroImage.
COMPLEMENTARY & ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
Why Some
Experts Say Cannabis Can Be Effective in Treating Menopause Symptoms: A survey indicates that more women may
be using cannabis to treat menopause symptoms. Some experts say cannabis can be
effective in treating menopause while others express concerns about the drug’s
side effects. One expert recommends using hemp-based products as an
alternative. North
American Menopause Society (NAMS).
Acupuncture
Before Surgery May Help Reduce Opioid Use Afterward: According to a study presented at the ANESTHESIOLOGY® annual meeting, administering acupuncture,
both traditional and “battlefield,” decreased postoperative opioid use by as
much as half.
Yoga and
meditation reduce chronic pain:
A mindfulness-based stress reduction course was found to benefit patients with
chronic pain and depression, leading to significant improvement in participant
perceptions of pain, mood and functional capacity, according to a new study.
Most of the study respondents (89%) reported the program helped them find ways
to better cope with their pain while 11% remained neutral. Journal of the American Osteopathic
Association.
Cannabinoid
Use Tied to Adverse Outcomes With COPD: New cannabinoid use is associated with elevated rates of
adverse outcomes among older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD), according to a study published online Sept. 30 in Thorax.
individuals receiving higher-dose cannabinoids had both increased rates of
hospitalization for COPD and pneumonia and all-cause mortality.
FDA ACTION
• Approved Phexxi
(lactic acid, citric acid, and potassium bitartrate) for the prevention of
pregnancy in females of reproductive potential.
• Approved
Nucala for Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
• Approved
Emergency use authorization of Abbott’s new Covid-19 antibody test
• Approved
Opdivo-Yervoy combination to treat adults with unresectable malignant pleural
mesothelioma
• Approved
first Ebola Virus Treatment
PREVENTION: Exercise
Exercise Intensity Seems Not to Impact Mortality Levels: Combined moderate- and high-intensity
training has no effect on all-cause mortality compared with recommended
physical activity levels, according to a study published online Oct. 7 in The
BMJ.
Is sitting
always bad for your mind? A new study suggests maybe not: It's generally accepted health advice
that adults of all ages should sit less, move more, and engage in regular
exercise to feel better and reduce the risk of chronic diseases. However, when
it comes to the brain and cognition, a new study of older adults suggests that
some sedentariness isn't all bad, so long as basic physical activity benchmarks
are being met. Psychology and
Aging
PREVENTION: Diet/Nutrition
Experts
Debate Whether Time-Restricted Diets Are More Effective Than Food-Restrictive
Diets: New research
indicates there’s no significant difference in weight loss between
time-restricted diets and other diets. They say there’s no one-size-fits-all
approach to weight loss and healthy living, and time-restricted eating works
well for some people to control unnecessary eating. For weight loss and healthy
living, the age-old advice still applies: Stick to mostly plant-based,
unprocessed foods, don’t overeat, and drink lots of water. Healthline
As You Get
Older, You Need to Drink More Water:
Researchers say that as people age, they need to drink more water to compensate
for changes in their body temperature regulation. Dehydration can cause a
number of ailments, including muscle pain, fatigue, and heat exhaustion. Older adults are encouraged to drink
water even when they aren’t thirsty and to limit beverages such as soda,
coffee, and alcohol, which can cause dehydration. That’s the
advice from a new study published in The Journal of Physiology.
Rapeseed instead of soy burgers: Researchers identify a new source of protein for humans: Rapeseed has the potential to replace
soy as the best plant-based source of protein for humans. In a current study,
nutrition scientists found that rapeseed protein consumption has comparable
beneficial effects on human metabolism as soy protein. The glucose metabolism
and satiety were even better. Another advantage: The proteins can be obtained
from the by-products of rapeseed oil production. Nutrients
Dietary
folate, magnesium, and dairy products may all help stave off bowel cancer,
study finds: Folate,
magnesium, and dairy products may all help stave off bowel cancer, but there's
no evidence that garlic or onions, fish, tea or coffee protect against the
disease, finds a new analysis. Gut
Drinking
coffee may protect some people against Parkinson’s: A recent study found lower levels of
caffeine in the blood of people with Parkinson’s disease. The study compared
people with Parkinson’s who carry a particular genetic mutation known to
increase Parkinson’s risk with people who carry the same mutation but do not
have the disease. Neurology.
Reducing Drinking May Improve Pain
Interference Symptoms:
For U.S. veterans with unhealthy alcohol use, reducing drinking may improve or
resolve various conditions including pain interference symptoms and substance
use, although most correlations are not significant, according to a study
published online Oct. 8 in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research.
PREVENTION: Supplements
Omega-3s to
Prevent Alzheimer's: Who Benefits?
Studies suggest that people who do not consume omega-3s are the most likely to
get benefit because a lower omega-3 level is associated with greater brain
amyloid plaques. Medscape
New research
finds unapproved drugs in brain-boosting supplements: The study, published Wednesday in Neurology, found five unapproved
pharmaceutical drugs — in potentially dangerous combinations and doses — in
over-the-counter brain supplements.
PREVENTION
Study shows weighted blankets can decrease insomnia severity: Weighted blankets are a safe and
effective intervention in the treatment of insomnia, according to Swedish
researchers who found that insomnia patients with psychiatric disorders
experienced reduced insomnia severity, improved sleep and less daytime
sleepiness when sleeping with a weighted chain blanket. Journal of Clinical
Sleep Medicine
Heart
Disease Is the Top Cause of Death in Women, but Few Know Warning Signs: Heart disease remains the top cause of
death for women in the United States. About 1 in every 5 female deaths are
linked to heart disease. A recent national survey from the American Heart
Association found that despite the risk, many women are unaware of the signs of
heart attack and stroke or the risk heart disease poses to women. national survey Circulation
Watching
nature on TV can boost well being, finds new study: Watching high quality nature
programmes on TV can uplift people's moods, reduce negative emotions, and help
alleviate the kind of boredom associated with being isolated indoors, according
to a new study published today in the Journal of Environmental Psychology.
TREATMENT
Persons with
Parkinson's disease can have a brighter future: In this special supplement to the
Journal of Parkinson's Disease experts review common and vexing issues
affecting people with Parkinson's disease as well as emerging concerns such as
the importance of personalized care management. Experts review management
strategies that can help improve quality of life of patients living with
Parkinson's disease and highlight the importance of personalized, optimal care
management.
Parkinson's:
Study examines the potential of spinal cord stimulation: A new study finds that spinal cord
stimulation could represent an alternate therapy for people with Parkinson’s
disease that is resistant to conventional treatments. The researchers claim
that this emerging technology may help decrease pain and improve mobility. Bioelectronic Medicine.
Plasma
Exchange 'Encouraging' as Novel Alzheimer's Treatment: Plasma exchange (PE) with albumin
replacement may be effective for slowing down symptoms of Alzheimer's
disease (AD), new research suggests. Results from the phase 2b/3 AMBAR
study showed that the treatment, which aims to remove amyloid beta (Aβ) from
plasma, was associated with a 60% decrease in functional and cognitive decline
in patients with moderate AD. AAIC 202
https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/934937
Manufacturer Prices for Insulin Substantially Higher in the U.S.: Manufacturer prices more than eight
times higher in the U.S. than in other high-income countries. Rand Corp
New
Procedure Could Eliminate the Need for Insulin for Some with Type 2 Diabetes: A new procedure could help eliminate
the need for insulin for some people with type 2 diabetes. The outpatient
procedure involves inserting a catheter into a part of the intestine to destroy
mucosal cells that have changed as a result of diabetes. The procedure is
called duodenal mucosal resurfacing, or DMR. UEG Week 2020 Virtual
Antibiotics
Can Be as Effective as Surgery in Some Appendicitis Cases: Antibiotics can eliminate or delay the
need for appendectomy, at least in some cases, according to research
published in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM).
Treating ringing in the ears with Sound and electrical stimulation of the tongue: In the largest clinical trial of its
kind, researchers show that combining sound and electrical stimulation of the
tongue can significantly reduce tinnitus, commonly described as 'ringing in the
ears.' They also found that therapeutic effects can be sustained for up to 12
months post-treatment. Science Translational Medicine,
2020
Regular use of acid reflux drugs linked to heightened risk of type 2 diabetes Blood glucose check-ups advised for long
term users, advise researchers. Regular use of acid reflux drugs, known as
proton pump inhibitors, or PPIs for short, is linked to a heightened risk of
developing type 2 diabetes, finds new research. Gut
Psoriasis
Guidelines Focus on Treatment of Adults: Topical agents, alternative medicine, and disease severity
assessment are the subjects of the latest updated set of guidelines for the
management and treatment of psoriasis
issued jointly by the American Academy of Dermatology and the National
Psoriasis Foundation. https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/935399
OTHER
Experts Uncertain If the President’s Drug Import Plan Will Save Consumers Money: An executive order that’s expected to
take effect in late November would allow six states to import prescription
drugs from Canada. Experts say they’re not sure whether this new program would
actually lower drug prices for U.S. consumers. They note that insulin isn’t one
of the drugs approved for importation. Healthline
Why Trump’s
Executive Order Doesn’t Protect People With Preexisting Conditions: President Trump signed
an executive order that claims to help protect Americans with
preexisting conditions like cancer, asthma, or diabetes. Trump also outlined a potential healthcare plan that aims to protect people
from surprise billing, ensure better care, and invest in critical areas. “This includes a steadfast commitment to always protecting
individuals with preexisting conditions and ensuring they have access to the
high-quality healthcare they deserve,” the order states. But experts point out that the administration
is trying to overturn the Affordable Care Act (ACA), which already offers
protections for preexisting conditions. Additionally, the executive order
cannot be enforced unless other laws are passed. Healthline https://www.healthline.com/health-news/why-trumps-executive-order-doesnt-protect-people-with-preexisting-conditions